Dr Jekyll Und Mr Hyde 1968
| Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde | |
|---|---|
 Theatrical release poster | |
| Directed by | Victor Fleming |
| Written by | John Lee Mahin Percy Heath Samuel Hoffenstein |
| Based on | Strange Instance of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde past Robert Louis Stevenson |
| Produced by | Victor Saville |
| Starring |
|
| Cinematography | Joseph Ruttenberg |
| Edited by | Harold F. Kress |
| Music by | Franz Waxman |
| Production | Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer |
| Distributed by | Loew'south, Inc. |
| Release date |
|
| Running time | 127 minutes |
| Land | The states |
| Language | English |
| Upkeep | $1.1 million[i] |
| Box office | $2.3 million[ane] |
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a 1941 American horror moving picture starring Spencer Tracy, Ingrid Bergman, and Lana Turner. The production also features Donald Crisp, Ian Hunter, Barton MacLane, C. Aubrey Smith, and Sara Allgood. Its storyline is based on the 1886 Gothic novella Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde written by Scottish author Robert Louis Stevenson. There have been many filmed adaptations of the novella. This movie was a remake of the Oscar-winning 1931 version starring Fredric March.
Released in August 1941, Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde was a commercial success, and was nominated for 3 Academy Awards.
Plot [edit]
In 1887 London, Dr. Henry Jekyll is performing research experiments on the possibility of separating the proficient and evil aspects of human being nature. Jekyll is in love with Beatrix Emery, only her father, Sir Charles, is skeptical of Jekyll'south radical ideas. Jekyll develops a serum that he attempts to utilize on Sam Higgins, a patient who went insane afterward suffering a gas works explosion, merely the plan fails when Jekyll learns Sam has died. Instead, Jekyll impulsively takes the serum himself, and is transformed in mindset and eyebrow into a malevolent alter ego. Jekyll takes an antidote to reverse the serum's effects, only not before experience an auditory hallucination in which a phonation speaks: "Mr. Hyde."
Beatrix departs England on a trip with her male parent, leaving Jekyll solitary. When Beatrix's vacation is extended, Jekyll continues to experiment with the serum, ingesting another dose. In his modify ego of Mr. Hyde, he ventures into a music hall where he sees attractive barmaid Ivy Peterson, whom he saved from an assailant in the streets some weeks before. Ivy does non recognize him, and becomes frightened when approaching his tabular array. A ball ensues among the patrons, after which Hyde convinces the hall possessor to burn down Ivy. Hyde takes a reluctant Ivy dwelling house with him, and rapes her in the carriage.
While Beatrix grows concerned afterwards receiving no correspondence, Hyde provides Ivy housing in a flat, though she lives in fear of his unpredictable behavior. Ivy's friend Marcia suspects Ivy is beingness driveling when she sees bruises on her. Upon learning that Beatrix has returned to England, Jekyll vows not to take the serum once more. He sends Ivy an bearding gift of money before destroying the cardinal to the street entrance of his laboratory, the archway that he had been using while nether the influence of Hyde. Later, Ivy visits Jekyll equally a patient, and recognizes him equally the human who helped her in the street. When she shows him her injuries and he realizes what Hyde has done to her, Jekyll is ashamed.
Later that nighttime, equally Jekyll ventures to meet Beatrix, who has returned to England, he unexpectedly transforms into Hyde without having ingested the serum. Hyde instead ventures to Ivy's apartment and finds her drunk and celebrating her freedom from him. When Hyde repeats phrases that Jekyll spoke to her, she grows terrified and begins screaming, resulting in Hyde strangling her to death. Hyde flees to the laboratory, but cannot enter as Jekyll destroyed the key; instead, Hyde visits Dr. John Lanyon, a friend of Jekyll. Lanyon provides him the medication that works equally the antidote, and Hyde reverts back to Jekyll, much to Lanyon's horror.
Jekyll confesses to Lanyon everything that has transpired, and proceeds to visit Beatrix to end their engagement. Beatrix is distraught by the incident, and is horrified when he returns transformed every bit Hyde. Beatrix screams before losing consciousness. Her begetter, roused by Beatrix'south scream, enters the room, only to be bludgeoned to death past Hyde with Jekyll's pikestaff. Hyde flees back to the laboratory, and, unable to enter through the street door, pushes past Jekyll'due south butler, Poole. Meanwhile, as police force investigate Sir Charles'south trunk, Lanyon arrives and observes that Jekyll's pikestaff was the murder weapon. Realizing Jekyll committed the crime while in his alter ego state as Mr. Hyde, Lanyon convinces police to accompany him to Jekyll's home.
Lanyon and the authorities arrive at Jekyll's dwelling house moments afterwards Hyde has ingested the antitoxin and turned dorsum into Jekyll. Breaking down the door to the laboratory, they confront him virtually Sir Charles's murder. The psychological stress of the situation triggers Jekyll into returning back into Mr. Hyde, and he becomes trigger-happy. While attempting to fight police, Hyde is shot past police. Every bit he dies, his demeanor and countenance slowly morphs back into that of Jekyll.
Cast [edit]
- Spencer Tracy as Dr. Henry Jekyll / Mr. Edward Hyde
- Ingrid Bergman as Ivy Pearson
- Lana Turner every bit Beatrix Emery
- Donald Crisp as Sir Charles Emery
- Ian Hunter as John Lanyon
- Barton MacLane as Sam Higgins
- C. Aubrey Smith as Bishop Manners
- Peter Godfrey as Poole, Jekyll'due south butler
- Sara Allgood as Mrs. Higgins
- Frederic Worlock every bit Dr. Heath
- William Tannen as Intern Fenwick
- Frances Robinson as Marcia
- Denis Greenish every bit Freddie
- Baton Bevan as Mr. Weller
- Forrester Harvey as Quondam Prouty
- Lumsden Hare equally Colonel Weymouth
- Lawrence Grant as Dr. Courtland
- John Barclay as Constable at Church
- Colin Kenny as Constable
- Lydia Bilbrook Lady Copewell
- Alec Craig as Waiter
Analysis [edit]
Scholar Angela Smith writes that the film does not depict a significant physical departure betwixt Jekyll and Hyde, suggesting that, dissimilar in other iterations of the story, the film places "greater emphasis on the psychological and neurological elements of concrete disorders and testifies to the unreliability of the bodily exterior equally a sign of wellness or degeneracy."[two] She further cites that the hallucinatory sequences in the film featuring both Ivy and Beatrix (which occur when Jekyll ingests the serum) "conflate epileptic and sexual release, pointing to repressed sexual desires as the source of individual angst."[3] Smith summarizes that the film'south treatment of the source material "suggests the complex network of physiology, neurology, psychology, sexuality, and environment that is shaped in the relationship between harm and medicine."[2]
Production [edit]
Development [edit]
Rather than beingness a new picture version of Robert Louis Stevenson's novella, this Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a direct remake of the 1931 film of the same title. Both Hollywood productions differ greatly from the original literary work due to their heavy reliance on Thomas Russell Sullivan'southward 1887 phase adaptation of the story. The managing director for the 1941 film was Victor Fleming, who had directed Gone with the Wind and codirected The Magician of Oz, 2 major releases by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1939. MGM, where Fleming was under contract, acquired full rights to the 1931 pic from Paramount Pictures prior to Fleming'south production. According to the Robert Louis Stevenson website beingness archived and preserved by the British Library, subsequent to that acquisition MGM studio executives "hid the [1931] film away to avoid competition with their remake".[4] The 1931 version then, due to ongoing legal restrictions and the lack of readily bachelor copies, was effectively "lost" for over a quarter of a century, not generally bachelor over again for re-screenings and study until 1967.[4]
MGM's 1941 remake was produced by Victor Saville and adjusted past John Lee Mahin from the screenplay of the earlier film by Percy Heath and Samuel Hoffenstein. The score was composed by Franz Waxman with uncredited contributions by Daniele Amfitheatrof and Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco. The cinematographer was Joseph Ruttenberg, the art director was Cedric Gibbons, and the costume designers were Adrian and Gile Steele. Jack Dawn created the make-up for the dissolute Mr. Hyde'due south appearance.
The PCA was very specific in characterizing Ivy as a barmaid rather than a prostitute, as she is characterized in the source material.[v]
Casting [edit]
Despite having non yet met his afterwards co-star Katharine Hepburn (they met working on Woman of the Twelvemonth in 1942), Tracy originally wanted her to play both Bergman's and Turner's roles as the "bad" and "good" woman, who would then turn out to exist the same person.[6]
Initial casting had Bergman playing the virtuous fiancée of Jekyll and Turner as Ivy. However, Bergman, tired of playing saintly characters and fearing typecasting, pleaded with Victor Fleming that she and Turner switch roles. After a screen examination, Fleming allowed Bergman to play a grittier office for the beginning time.[6] [7]
Release [edit]
Box function [edit]
Co-ordinate to MGM records the movie earned $two,351,000 resulting in a profit of $350,000.[1]
Disquisitional reception [edit]
Later on its preview of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde in tardily July 1941, the trade paper Diverseness cited some weaknesses in the development of characters and situations in the motion-picture show'due south plot; but, overall, the pop New York publication gave the production a very positive assessment. Variety predicted the film would exist "ane of the large ones for autumn release" and focused special attention on Bergman's operation and screen presence.[8] It compared besides Hyde'southward concrete appearance with his portrayals in the 1925 and 1931 interpretations of Stevenson's novella:
...Tracy plays the dual roles with confidence. His transformations from the immature physician...to the demonic Mr. Hyde are brought about with considerably less alterations in face and stature than audiences might expect, remembering John Barrymore and Frederic March in before versions. What is likely to happen when the new "Jekyll" moves into general distribution after Sept. ane, is more than generous recognition of Ingrid Bergman equally a screen actress of exceptional ability....In every scene in which the 2 appear, she is Tracy's equal equally a strong screen personality.[8]
The Film Daily praised the film in its review, heaping nearly of its accolades on Victor Fleming and his direction.[9] The trade paper, which was widely read by theater owners or "exhibitors", complimented Fleming's pacing and staging of the story and described his "handling of the players" as "flawless".[nine]
Outside the realm of film-industry merchandise papers, the full general public in 1941 had more than mixed reviews about Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. Ane example of those reactions can exist found in the gimmicky fan mag Hollywood, which was distributed nationally each month by Fawcett Publications in Louisville, Kentucky.[ten] Hollywood recommended that its readership "should meet the picture", citing in one case again Bergman's excellent, "breath-taking" portrayal of Ivy.[xi] The monthly did, though, observe the motion-picture show's plot passé and Tracy's Hyde far too understated in appearance to be effective:
In the ten years that have elapsed since Frederic March won his Academy Honour for his work in the championship roles, movie-goers have become too sophisticated for the sort of medical hocus-pocus on which the Stevenson story is based. Too many Frankensteins and bogey-men have stalked across the screen in the interim for Mr. Hyde to be a convincing monster. While Spencer Tracy does a m chore in his dual role, his Mr. Hyde is inclined to exist more humorous than terrifying.[xi]
Another fan-based publication, Modern Screen, was less subtle in its November 1941 review of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, calling the pic "quite the oddest picture of the year".[12] The magazine, in part, considered the remake "funniest when apparently it is trying to be about serious and never so routine as when it is trying hardest to be dissimilar."[12]
With regard to more contempo critical responses to this version of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, American film reviewer and historian Leonard Maltin in 2014 gave the production 3 out of a possible 4 stars, praising in detail Tracy and Bergman'southward performances.[13] The online film-review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reported, as of 2022, an approval rating of 58% among professional person critics, a score based on 24 reviews, with a rating boilerplate of vi.half-dozen/x.[14] General audience reactions to Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde were slightly higher on Rotten Tomatoes in approvals, scoring at threescore% and registering a rating average of three.five/5 based on over 2,500 responses.[14]
Awards and honors [edit]
- In 2005, the motion-picture show was nominated by the American Motion-picture show Plant to "AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores".[16]
References [edit]
- ^ a b c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Heart for Motion Picture Written report .
- ^ a b Smith 2012, p. 153.
- ^ Smith 2012, pp. 152–153.
- ^ a b "Film Versions of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde: 1931 Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde (Mamoulian)". The Robert Louis Stevenson Annal (RLS Website). Edinburgh Napier Academy. Archived from the original on December 23, 2016.
- ^ "CONTENTdm". digitalcollections.oscars.org . Retrieved 2021-10-21 .
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved October 29, 2018.
- ^ Vieira 2003, p. 105.
- ^ a b ""Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde" review". Multifariousness. July 23, 1941. p. 8.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde", review The Film Daily (New York, N.Y.), July 22, 1941, p.seven, col. two. Internet Annal. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
- ^ The mag Hollywood (originally and briefly titled Holly Leaves) dates its history to 1912, ranking it amid the primeval fan-based publications in the world. It was sold to Fawcett Publications in August 1930. Profiled from "moviemags.com", a guide and database to moving-picture show publications roofing the history of cinema. Retrieved October 27, 2018.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde...Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer", review, Hollywood, Oct 1941, p. 67, cols. ane-2. Cyberspace Archive. Retrieved October 28, 2018.
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde—AB2*", Modernistic Screen (New York, N.Y.), Nov 1941, p. fourteen, cols. i-2. Cyberspace Archive. Retrieved October xxx, 2018.
- ^ Maltin & Sader 2013, p. 390. sfn error: no target: CITEREFMaltinSader2013 (help)
- ^ a b "Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941) - Rotten Tomatoes". Rotten Tomatoes.com. Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2 October 2018.
- ^ Blossom 2014, p. 74.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Picture show Scores Nominees" (PDF) . Retrieved 2016-08-06 .
Sources [edit]
- Blossom, Abigail (2014). The Literary Monster on Film: Five Nineteenth Century British Novels and Their Cinematic Adaptations. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN978-0-786-45759-5.
- Maltin, Leonard; Sader, Luke; Carson, Darwyn (2013). Leonard Maltin's 2014 Movie Guide. New York: Penguin. ISBN978-0-451-41810-iv.
- Smith, Angela (2012). Hideous Progeny: Inability, Eugenics, and Archetype Horror Cinema. New York: Columbia University Printing. ISBN978-0-231-52785-9.
- Vieira, Mark A. (2003). Hollywood Horror: From Gothic to Cosmic . New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. ISBN0-8109-4535-5.
External links [edit]
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at IMDb
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at AllMovie
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at the TCM Flick Database
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at the American Film Institute Catalog
- Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde at Rotten Tomatoes
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Jekyll_and_Mr._Hyde_(1941_film)
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